Hydroxy compounds basically have the functional group -OH. The syllabus currently requires us to know the reactions for alcohol and phenol compounds. Alcohol is able to undergo oxidation while phenol is not able to due to strong bonds between -OH and benzene. Do note that the use of a strong or weak oxidising reagent will result in a different compound being formed from alcohol.
Phenol is able to undergo electrophilic substitution (Different from electrophilic addition in alkenes). As the name suggests, electrophilic substitution involves substitution. In phenol's case, a H atom is substituted to give a -OH functional group.
A summary of reactions that an alcohol and phenol undergoes:
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